Monopotassium phosphate, MKP, (also potassium dihydrogen phosphate, KDP, or monobasic potassium phosphate), KH2PO4, is a soluble salt of potassium and the dihydrogen phosphate ion which is used as a fertilizer, a food additive, and a fungicide. It is a source of phosphorus and potassium. It is also a buffering agent. When used in fertilizer mixtures with urea and ammonium phosphates, it minimizes the escape of ammonia by keeping the pH at a relatively low level.
Agriculture and Horticulture
- Fertilizer:
- Provides a readily available source of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), essential nutrients for plant growth.
- Hydroponics:
- Ideal for nutrient solutions in soilless growing systems to ensure balanced plant nutrition.
- Foliar Feeding:
- Used in foliar sprays to improve crop yield and enhance stress tolerance.
- Soil Amendment:
- Corrects phosphorus and potassium deficiencies in soils, improving plant health and productivity.
- Greenhouses:
- Commonly used in controlled-environment agriculture to support vigorous plant growth.
Food and Beverage Industry
- Food Additive:
- Acts as a buffering agent, acidity regulator, and stabilizer in processed foods.
- Nutrient Supplement:
- Provides phosphorus and potassium in energy drinks, baked goods, and dairy products.
- pH Control:
- Maintains stable pH levels in beverages and food products, enhancing shelf life and quality.
Industrial Applications
- Fire Extinguishers:
- Used in dry chemical fire extinguishers as a component of fire-retardant powders.
- Cleaning Agents:
- A component in industrial and household cleaning formulations due to its buffering capacity.
- Electronics Industry:
- Utilized in etching and cleaning solutions during manufacturing processes.
Research and Laboratory Use
- Laboratory Reagent:
- Used in scientific experiments, particularly in biochemistry and analytical chemistry.
- Buffer Solution:
- Prepares stable pH buffer solutions for various laboratory applications.
Animal Feed
- Feed Additive:
- Supplements phosphorus and potassium in animal feed formulations to promote healthy growth and development.
Water Treatment
- Corrosion Inhibitor:
- Used in water treatment systems to prevent corrosion in pipes and equipment.
Storage Instructions
- Cool, Dry Environment: Store in a cool, dry place away from moisture and direct sunlight.
- Airtight Containers: Keep the product in its original, sealed packaging or airtight containers to prevent caking or moisture absorption.
- Temperature: Maintain storage temperatures between 5°C and 30°C (41°F–86°F).
- Separation: Store away from strong acids, bases, and incompatible materials to prevent reactions.
- Ventilation: Ensure storage in a well-ventilated area to maintain product integrity.
Handling Instructions
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
- Wear gloves, safety goggles, and a dust mask when handling the product to avoid skin contact and inhaling dust.
- Minimize Dust:
- Handle gently to avoid dust formation. Use local exhaust ventilation in areas with significant dust.
- Safe Transfer:
- Use clean, dry tools or scoops when transferring to prevent contamination.
- Spill Management:
- Sweep up spills promptly, place material in a sealed container, and dispose of in accordance with local regulations.
- Avoid water, as it may cause the product to dissolve and spread.
- Hygiene Practices:
- Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking while handling the product.
Disposal
- Dispose of any unused product and packaging in compliance with local, state, and federal regulations.
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